Manusmriti Chapter 9 Verse 225 [hot]
The verse lists specific groups of people whom the lawgiver deems harmful to the fabric of a well-ordered society. These individuals are viewed as sources of corruption, crime, and disorder.
It is important to note that the numbering of verses can sometimes vary between editions.
कितवान् कुशीलवान् क्रूरान् पाषण्डस्थांश्च मानवान् ।विकर्मस्थान् शौण्डिकांश्च क्षिप्रं निर्वासयेत् पुरात् ॥ २२५ ॥
In contemporary legal and human rights discourses, verses like Manusmriti 9.225 are viewed through a critical lens.
Wine-sellers, distillers, or keepers of liquor taverns. manusmriti chapter 9 verse 225
This suggests a psychological depth to the feature. "Protecting" the rebellious may also imply "covering" their shame or minimizing their influence to prevent contagion. It suggests that the most effective way to deal with the "adverse" is not public shaming (which fuels their rebellion), but a form of guardianship that limits their capacity to harm while keeping them within the fold. It is a sophisticated form of conflict resolution that prioritizes the over the satisfaction of punishing the part .
Ancient Indian statecraft, as also seen in Kautilya's Arthashastra , recognized that taverns, gambling dens, and heretical gatherings were breeding grounds for conspiracies, thieves, and foreign spies. By ordering the immediate banishment of gamblers, liquor sellers, and violent men, the text seeks to minimize crime and urban unrest. 2. The Orthodox Stance on Entertainment
Conversely, some defenders of tradition argue that the verse must be understood within the specific socio-economic conditions of ancient India, where such strict policing was seen as necessary to maintain stability against anarchy ( matsyanyaya ). They might argue the principle of removing destructive elements from society has enduring wisdom.
The Manusmriti, also known as the Laws of Manu, is an ancient Indian text that is considered one of the most important works of Hindu jurisprudence. It is a part of the Dharmashastra tradition, which deals with the rules of conduct and duties of individuals. The verse lists specific groups of people whom
Ancient societies faced constant threats from raids, bandits, and warfare. The verse frames male guardianship as a form of protection, not merely subjugation.
Here is the deep breakdown of this feature:
कितवान् कुशीलवान् क्रूरान् पाषण्डस्थांश्च मानवान् ।विकर्मस्थान् शौण्डिकांश्च क्षिप्रं निर्वासयेत् पुरात् ॥ २२५ ॥
While Chapter 9 is best known for its, often controversial, stance on the inheritance rights of sons, the rights of women, and the administration of justice, verses 221-230 specifically focus on the criminal law relating to property and social order. "Protecting" the rebellious may also imply "covering" their
Those who openly violate the established Veda-based Vedic practices or orthodox religious, social, and moral norms.
कितवान् कुशीलवान् क्रूरान् पाषण्डस्थांश्च मानवान् ।
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The primary objective of Verse 225 is the preservation of public order and the maintenance of a righteous state ( Dharma Rajya ).
